Language as a Gateway: Maximizing Student Effective Learning through English Teaching – Learning Processes in Pakistani Context

Abstract

All developing nations know that learning English is vital in adopting the latest scientific and technological innovations. Despite English's better position, Pakistani students struggle to speak it well because of administrative, social, and educational barriers and issues with how it is taught. For this reason, teaching English to students in Pakistan is a difficult task. This study aims to identify possible solutions for the difficulties English language teachers in public schools in Pakistan suffer. The research revealed that the translation method of instruction was used rather than the direct and strategical methods. It also proved that teaching English followed a similar pattern to teaching other topics, like general science and Pakistan Studies. With this teacher-centered method of instruction, learners don’t get a chance to practice their language abilities in a classroom setting, mainly in public schools. This method of teaching English is based on several aspects, such as a lack of teachers with the necessary training, a lack of in-service training for primary and secondary school teachers, a rote memorization system of exams, overcrowded classes, a heavy workload of teachers, a lack of teaching resources, and a lack of ongoing support from the teachers. The study also suggested some solutions to enhance students' learning through English language development (ELD) and also for teachers to overcome these challenges by improving the teaching quality in the English language, which can help students learn effectively in their future higher education. English instructors ought to have specialized training emphasizing teaching English as a language rather than other areas of study.